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what do X,Y Capacitor do?

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Hello
what is X,Y capacitor?what is difference between gerneral capacitor and x,Y?what do they do?
why C4 in the schematic sit between Pin 1 and Pin5 of trans?why it doesn't sit between ground and Pin5?



---------- Post added at 10:36 ---------- Previous post was at 10:34 ----------

and what is difference between Y1 and Y2?
 

dear what do you mean by x and y capacitors.
C4 looks special frequency filtering capacitor in this circuit.
what do you mean by y1 y2, no where in pic
 

hello
why we can't use common capacitor instead of X,Y capacitor?

---------- Post added at 14:46 ---------- Previous post was at 14:45 ----------

and is C4 is a y capacitor or x or none of them?
 

C4 will be an X. X and Y capacitors have well defined failure modes and so are specified to be used in specific circuitry. It is explained in the document I linked to:

These are capacitors for applications in which failure of the capacitor will not lead to a dangerous
electrical shock. EN 60384-14 divides X capacitors into 3 sub-classes according to the peak
pulse voltage to which they are exposed in operation, in addition to the rated voltage. This kind of
impulse can be caused by lightning in overhead cables, switching surges in neighbouring equipment
or in the device in which the capacitor is used to suppress interferences.
Click to expand...

These capacitors are intended for use where failure of the capacitor could result in a dangerous
electrical shock. Y capacitors are capacitors of enhanced electrical and mechanical reliability and
limited capacitance. The enhanced electrical and mechanical reliability are intended to eliminate
short-circuits in the capacitor. Limitation of the capacitance is intended to reduce the current
passing through the capacitor when AC voltage is applied and to reduce the energy content of the
capacitor to a limit that is not dangerous when DC voltage is applied.
Y capacitors are used in electrical equipment and machines to bridge operational insulation that
provides safety, in connection with additional protective measures, in order to avert danger to humans
and animals.
Click to expand...

Keith
 

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