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How to identify various diodes

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scruffy783

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I have several old PCBs from broken radios, TVs and other things with a lot of components that I can take out and use for other things, but I have problem identifying some diodes. Some of the diodes have only one or two circular lines on them (black, gold or white) and no letters or numbers and PCB markings simply say D(n) while others have alphanumeric markings such as "BY 2303" or "BA 100" (these two were made by Yugoslavian Ei some 40-50 years ago and I cannot find datasheets for them). I only have two simple multimeters (dig. and an.) with which measure forward voltage drop.

Is there some color code and naming convention for diodes and how do I find out the type of the diode I'm dealing with without destroying it?
 

If a diode is glass then I take it to be a small signal type.

If the volt threshold is below .6 or .7 then it might be germanium, Schottky, etc.

If volt threshold is higher than .7, then it could be for high voltage.

I figure current limit is 3 amps or more if it is larger than 1N400x type (1 amp).

As for reverse threshold, I have not tested unmarked diodes. I picture such tests having the possibility of changing a diode's operating characteristics, perhaps ruining it.

If I needed a diode with a high threshold then I used a labelled 1N400x type.
 
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