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The basic answer on the effect of precipitations on microwave propagation can be found in any good textbook on microwave communication.
The problem is generally more complex as well as the weather is Therefore, International Telecommunication Union, ITU, has issued and continues to publish Documents in which those effects are studied and recommendations presented for various parts of the world.
Microwaves are attenuated by rain in proportion to rain intensity, but no meteorologists publish data on it. Rain also affects polarization, and some modern digital modulation types suffer by differential delay, also caused by rain.
Use a good textbook on the basics, then find ITU Recommendations for the details.
Microwave links are to be designed with a signal-to-noise "reserve" to fire through rain, but some drop-outs are always possible. Rain affects even more the satellite signals, also a challenge.
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