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The stackup is:
Sig-GND-GND-Sig, a 4-lyr board.
A diff. pair travels on the top layer (sig), drops to the bottom layer (sig) and reverses direction exactly 180 degrees. That is going right back.
Would this be bad? I am not sure it would. There are good ref planes under each signal layer.
But...
Back in the 90s, I worked at a place where they had an instrument for finding shorts on PCBs.
It so happened only I was able to use that instrument (requires good hearing).
It changes its sound's pitch as you get closer to the short.
I was able within 5 minutes to pinpoint a short with...
You cannot charge the lead-acid battery well, using 12V.
For the battery to be fully charged, you need to bring it up to "float" voltage which is about at least 13.7V.
There are various algorithms of charging that employ constant current, or constant voltage, or both, and then...
OK, thanks, Dmitron.
I found out what the problem was. The design is fine. What happened, when we assembled boards, we were missing CM chokes, and for testing supply itself we shorted them out.
What I did not know was that one of those supplies ended up in the testing for EFT, which it was not...
Hi.
I have a 85-270V In / 14V out Flyback SMPS.
We are failing EFT (Fast transient) test with 1000V applied. We pass 500V one.
The surge is failed in the way that the equipment connected to it (an optical modem) sustains Bit Errors.
I am not sure yet how they apply the transient - we do not...
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