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amolpukale
Joined: 06 Aug 2007
Posts: 5
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 05 Sep 2007 13:43 skew and max operating frequency |
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How is skew related to max operating frequency ?
by definition skew is the difference in the clock arrival. So it means with increasing skew there is more time for the data at the capture flop ? In that case it would help setup ?
How to interpret correctly ?
Please let me know.
Thanks ..
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Gokulmuthu
Joined: 13 Aug 2007
Posts: 6
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| 05 Sep 2007 13:51 Re: skew and max operating frequency |
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| The problem with high skew is hold time violation .....
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amolpukale
Joined: 06 Aug 2007
Posts: 5
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| 05 Sep 2007 13:56 Re: skew and max operating frequency |
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| I understand that it would worsen the hold; but my question is its relation with the max operating frequemcy ...
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Gokulmuthu
Joined: 13 Aug 2007
Posts: 6
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| 05 Sep 2007 14:03 Re: skew and max operating frequency |
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The maximum operating frequency get increased or decreased based on the direction of the skew..
For further details there are many topics on this forum dicussing about setup ,hold ,skew and operating frequency ....search in this forum
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megastar007
Joined: 20 Feb 2007
Posts: 82
Helped: 5
Location: Munich
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| 05 Sep 2007 15:02 Re: skew and max operating frequency |
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Positive skew -> Max freq increased
Negative skew -> Max freq decreased
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avimit
Joined: 16 Nov 2005
Posts: 415
Helped: 68
Location: Fleet, UK
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| 05 Sep 2007 15:09 Re: skew and max operating frequency |
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Hi,
I am not quite in agreement with megastar007. Although what megastar007 says looks fine, but when I consider say for example 3 FFs connected in series, and a +ive skew between FF1 and FF2, there are chances, that this +ive skew may cause a -ive skew for the pair FF2 and FF3. So while the max freq between FF1 and FF2 will increase, it may decrease between FF2 and FF3. So for the overall circuit, the fmax may not increase.
Kr,
Avi
http://www.vlsiip.com
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sam536
Joined: 04 Jul 2007
Posts: 135
Helped: 14
Location: Tokyo
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| 06 Sep 2007 3:50 Re: skew and max operating frequency |
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Thats where CTS play main role(thats Y CTS enginers are paid more also ofcourse)..Skew balance is plays main role here..
Coming to Amol's Question,
Positive skew : clock and data flow in the same direction.
Negative skew : clock and data flow in oppositve direction...
Max frequency :
T +Tskew >= Tclktoq + Tlogic + Tsu , so T>= Tclktoq + Tlogic + Tsu +/- Tskew
Note: 1) If Tskew > 0, it improves performance , but makes thold harder to meet.
2) If Tskew <0 , it degrades the perfomance of ckt, but easy to meet hold time.
Best of luck..
Regards,
Sam
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avimit
Joined: 16 Nov 2005
Posts: 415
Helped: 68
Location: Fleet, UK
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| 06 Sep 2007 10:28 Re: skew and max operating frequency |
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| CTS Engineers are paid more??? well thats a secret isn't it?
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